Repentance & Seeking Forgiveness during Shab-e-Baraat

Allah, the Supreme, says:

And those (the pious) who, when they commit an immoral act or wrong themselves, remember Allah and seek forgiveness of their sins – and who forgives sins except Allah? And those who do not purposely become stubborn regarding what they did.(Surah Aale Imran 3:135)

“And ask forgiveness from your Lord and incline towards Him in repentance (Surah Hud 11:3)
And O Muslims, all of you turn in repentance together towards Allah, in the hope of attaining success (Surah Noor 24:31)

O People who Believe! Incline towards Allah in a repentance that becomes a guidance for the future".(Surah Tahreem 66:8)

“The one who repents from sin is like one who did not sin.” (Ibn Majah, Tabarani & others)
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah reported: I heard Allah’s Apostle saying: "By Allah, I seek Allah's forgiveness and repent to Him more than seventy times a day." (Bukhari).

Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah narrated: Allah’s Apostle said, "He who repents before the sun rises from the west, Allah will forgive him". (Muslim).

Source: www.ahlesunnat.biz

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Surat al-Nas - The Qur'an in English and Arabic translation and transliteration

قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ ﴿١﴾  Qul aAAoothu birabbi alnnasi (1) Say: I seek refuge with the Lord and Cherisher of Mankind, (1) مَلِكِ النَّاسِ ﴿٢﴾  Maliki alnnasi (2) The King (or Ruler) of Mankind, (2) إِلَهِ النَّاسِ ﴿٣﴾  Ilahi alnnasi (3) The Allah (for judge) of Mankind,- (3) مِن شَرِّ الْوَسْوَاسِ الْخَنَّاسِ ﴿٤﴾  Min sharri alwaswasi alkhannasi (4) From the mischief of the Whisperer (of Evil), who withdraws (after his whisper),- (4) الَّذِي يُوَسْوِسُ فِي صُدُورِ النَّاسِ ﴿٥﴾  Allathee yuwaswisu fee sudoori alnnasi (5) (The same) who whispers into the hearts of Mankind,- (5) مِنَ الْجِنَّةِ وَ النَّاسِ ﴿٦﴾  Mina aljinnati wa alnnasi.n.m,.m (6) Among Jinns and among men. (6)

Sūrat Al-Nās (Arabic: سورة الناس‎), or Mankind, is the 114th and last sura, or chapter, of the Qur'an, the Muslim holy book. It is a short six-verse invocation, asking Allah for protection from the Satan. It is a Makkan sura. Together with sura Al-Falaq it is also known as Al-Mu'awwidhatayn; dealing with roughly the same theme, they form a natural pair. There is a Sunnah tradition of reading this Sura over the sick or before sleeping.

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How to pray Namaz (Salaat) with Jamaat

Jama’at means congregation. When Muslims gather to offer prayers (Arabic - Salah) in congregation, it is called Jama’at. It is led by the Imam and the rest follow him (called muqtadees); there is a great reward for offering prayer with the congregation.

1) Syedna Anas (Allah be well pleased with him) narrates that the beloved Prophet (Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him) said, “Whoever offers Prayer with Jama’at for forty days with the first takbeer (start of Salah by announcement of Allah’s name), two salvations will be written for him: one from hell and one from hypocrisy.”

2) Syedna Abdullah ibn Umar (Allah be well pleased with them) narrates that the beloved Prophet (Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him) said, “Salah offered with Jama’at is twenty-seven times greater than Salah offered alone.”

3) Imam Muhammad Ghazali (Allah’s mercy be upon him) says, “Salah was so important to our salaf saliheen [pious predecessors] that if they missed the first takbeer they would mourn for three days and if anyone missed Jama’at then they would mourn for seven days.” (Mukashifat ul-Quloob)

4) Syedna Maymoon bin Mahraan (Allah’s mercy be upon him) came to the mosque. He was told that the Jama’at has finished. Upon hearing this, he sadly said, “The fazilat (excellence) of this [Jama’at] is better than ruling over Iraq.” (Mukashifat ul-Quloob)

5) Syedna Abu Hurairah (May Allah be well pleased with him) narrates that the beloved Prophet (Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him) said, “If people knew what was [the reward] in the [calling of] Azaan and [being a part of] the first saf [row of Jama’at] then they would not get it without drawing names. So they would draw names [i.e., they would compete for the honor of these two acts]. (Bukhari)
Thoughts and Points

6) Jama’at is compulsory for every sane and mature man who has the ability to offer Salah. It is very important for the people living in the vicinity of the mosque to attend the Jama’at.

7) To move closer to a mosque or madrasah (religious school) with the intention of attaining Jama’at is a very commendable action. May Allah give us the guidance to keep our mosques and Madrasahs alive. In fact, keep this in mind when moving or buying a house.

8) If you live so far that you cannot drive or walk to the mosque or madrasah comfortably then make sure to come for Jama’at at least once or twice a day or week or more [based on distance and means of travel] to at least earn the reward of coming for and praying with Jama’at.

10) One should not think ‘I can’t join the Jama’at, I am too busy with school or work and family’. Such thoughts are from the devil or our own ill- self. If you make the intention and effort, Allah-willing, the hardships will go away.

11) Stand in the saf (rows) shoulder to shoulder so that there is no space left in between.

12) To wait for Salah has been called “Salah,” so be punctual for the Salah.

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Surat Al-Falaq [113:5] - The Qur'an in English and Arabic

قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ الْفَلَقِ ﴿١﴾ Qul aAAoothu birabbi alfalaqi (1)Say: I seek refuge with the Lord of the Dawn (1)مِن شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ ﴿٢﴾ Min sharri ma khalaqa (2)From the mischief of created things; (2)وَمِن شَرِّ غَاسِقٍ إِذَا وَقَبَ ﴿٣﴾ Wamin sharri ghasiqin itha waqaba (3)From the mischief of Darkness as it overspreads; (3)وَمِن شَرِّ النَّفَّاثَاتِ فِي الْعُقَدِ ﴿٤﴾ Wamin sharri alnnaffathati fee alAAuqadi(4)From the mischief of those who practise secret arts; (4)وَمِن شَرِّ حَاسِدٍ إِذَا حَسَدَ ﴿٥﴾ Wamin sharri hasidin itha hasada (5)And from the mischief of the envious one as he practises envy. (5)

Sūrat al-Falaq (Arabic: سورة الفلق‎ ) (Dawn, Daybreak) is the 113th sura of the Qur'an. It is a brief five verse invocation, asking Allah for protection from the evil of Satan. Together with Surat al-Nas it is also known as Al-Mu'awwidhatayn.

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Fasting in Month of Shabaan

The Holy Prophet Used To Fast Most Of The Month In Sha`baan.

Sayyidah Ayeshah Siddiqah said, “Never did the Allah’s Apostle fast a complete month except for Ramadaan .  And  I  have  never  seen him fasting more  in  any  month  than  in Sha’baan.”(Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud, Nasai Tirmidhi and others)

Narrated Sayyidah Ayeshah Siddiqah :The  month  most  liked  by  the Allah’s Apostle for  fasting  was Sha'baan. He then joined it with Ramadaan. (Abu Dawud)

Source: http://www.ahlesunnat.biz

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What Is The Importance Of The Month Of Sha' Baan

To  understand  the  importance  of  this  night,  we  first  present  the  importance  of  the  ENTIRE MONTH  OF  SHA’BAAN,  so  that  readers  may  understand  that  this it is  indeed  a  special  month, which demands that we increase our worship in any way, during its entire period.

Sha’baan Is A Special, Meritorious Month

Sha`baan precedes  the  month  of Ramadaan,  and  is  a  harbinger  of  the  great  mercy  that descends upon the believers during Ramadaan. It is a month where we need to “get ready” for the  full  month  of  fasting,  extra  Prayers  at  night  (Taraweeh),  increased  recitation  of  the  Holy
Qur’an and training of the self (ego).

The Holy  Prophet Mohammed is  reported  to  have  said: "Sha'ban  is  my  month, Rajab  is Allah's month and Ramadaan is the month of my Ummah. Sha'ban is expiator, while Ramadaan is the purifier."(Khashful Khafa)

Once the Holy Prophet was asked: "Oh Allah’s Apostle, in which month other than Ramadaan is fasting the most meritorious?
” Our Prophet answered “Fasting performed in Sha’baan to show respect to Ramadaan”.(Tirmidhi)

Sha’baan  is  one  of  the  meritorious  months  for  which  of Holy Prophet made  special  efforts  and increased his worship.

This fact in itself proves that to increase worship on special occasions or special days of mercy from Allah, is not an innovation, but the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet.

SOURCE: http://www.ahlesunnat.biz

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Dua-e-Nisf-e-Shabaan : Shab-e-Baraat Dua

Dua-e-Nisf-e-Shabaan

ادب ليلة النصف من شهر شعبان

ادب الطريقة

قراءة يس ثلاث مرات، المرة الاولى بنية طول العمر بالإسلام والإيمان، والمرة الثانية بنية دفع البلاء عنه وعن الامة المحمدية ، والمرة الثلاثة بنية الرزق والإستغناء عن الناس

و بعد كل مرة تدعوا بهذا الدعاء:

اللهم يا ذا المن لا يمن عليه احد يا ذا الجلال والإكرام يا ذا الطول والأنعام، لا إله إلا أنتَ ظهر اللاجئين وجار المستجيرين وامان الخائفين اللهم ان كنت كتبتني عندك في ام الكتاب شقيا أو محروما أو مطرودا أو مقترا عليّ من الرزق فامح اللهم بفضلك شقاوتي وحرماني وطردي واقتار رزقي وثبتني عندك في ام الكتاب سعيدا ومرزوقا للخيرات فانكَ قلت وقولك الحق في كتابك المنزل على لسان نبيك المرسل يمحوا الله ما يشاء ويثبت وعنده ام الكتاب. إلهي بالتجلي الأعظم في ليلة النصف من شهر شعبان المعظم المكرم التي يفرق فيها كل امر حكيم ويبرم ان تكشف عنا من البلاء ما نعلم وما لا نعلم وما أنتَ به اعلم إنكَ أنتَ الأعز الاكرم. وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه وسلم.

Adab aţ-Ţarīqah

Reading of Sūrah Yasīn three times;

1) with the intention of long life in Islam and faith (imān);

2) with the intention to ward off affliction from one’s self and from the nation of Muhammad r;

3) with the intention of receiving one’s sustenance without reliance on mankind.

After every reading recite:

Allahumma Yaa Dhal Manni walaa yumannu 'Alayh

YaaDhal Jalaali wa'l Ikraam
Yaa Dhat-Tawli wa'l In'aam
Laa Ilaaha illa anta
Zahru'llaajeen wa jaaru'l mustajeereen wa amaanu'l khaaifeen

Allahumma in kunta katabtanee 'Indaka fee Ummil Kitabi
Shaqiyyan aw mahruman aw matrudan aw muqattaran 'alayya fi'rrizqi
Fa'mhuAllahumma biFadlika
Shaqaawatee wa hirmaanee wa tardee wa'qtitaara rizqee
Wa-athbitnee 'Indaka fee Ummil Kitabi
Sa'eedan marzuqan muwaffaqan li'lkhayraati Fa Innaka Qulta wa Qawluka'l Haqq
Fee Kitabika'l munzal 'alaa lisaani Nabiyyika'l Mursal
Yamhullahu maa Yashaa'u wa yuthbit
Wa 'Indahu Ummul Kitab

Ilaahi Bittajalli'l A'zam
Fee laylatin-nisfi min shahri Sha'ban al-Mukarram
Allatee yufraqu feehaa kullu amrin hakeemin wa yubram
An takshifa 'annaa mina'l ballaai wa'l balwaai
Maa na'lamu wa maa laa na'lam
Wa anta bihi a'lam
Innaka anta'l A'azzu'l Akram

Wa Sallallahu Ta'ala 'alaa Sayyidina Muhammad-in
Wa 'alaa aalihi wa as'haabihi wa sallam
Wa'l Hamdu Lillahi Rabbi'l 'Aalameen

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The Beloved Prophet (Peace be upon Him) Sermon for Holy Month of Ramadan

The Sermon given by the Most Beloved Prophet Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam on the last Friday of Sha'ban on the reception of the month of Ramadan

"O People!

Indeed ahead of you is the blessed month of Allah.

A month of blessing, mercy and forgiveness.

A month which with Allah is the best of months.

Its days, the best of days; its nights, the best of nights; and its hours, the best of hours.

It is the month which invites you to be the guests of Allah and invites you to be one of those near to Him.

Each breath you take glorifies Him; your sleep is worship, your deeds are accepted and your supplications are answered.

So, ask Allah, your Lord; to give you a sound body and an enlightened heart so you may be able to fast and recite His book, for only he is unhappy who is devoid of Allah's forgiveness during this great month.

Remember the hunger and thirst of the day of Qiyamah (Judgement) with your hunger and thirst; give alms to the needy and poor, honour your old, show kindness to the young ones, maintain relations with your blood relations; guard your tongues, close your eyes to that which is not permissible for your sight, close your ears to that which is forbidden to hear, show compassion to the orphans of people so compassion may be shown to your orphans.

Repent to Allah for your sins and raise your hands in dua during these times, for they are the best of times and Allah looks towards his creatures with kindness, replying to them during the hours and granting their needs if he is asked...

O People! Indeed your souls are dependant on your deeds, free it with Istighfar (repentance), lighten its loads by long prostrations; and know that Allah swears by his might: That there is no punishment for the one who prays and prostrates and he shall have no fear of the fire on the day when man stands before the Lord of the worlds.

O People! One who gives Iftaar to a fasting person during this month will be like one who has freed someone and his past sins will be forgiven."


Some of the people who were there then asked the Beloved Messenger of Allah Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam: "Not all of us are able to invite those who are fasting?"

The Beloved Prophet Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam replied:

"Allah gives this reward even if the Iftaar is a drink of water."

"One who has good morals (Akhlaq) during this month will be able to pass the 'Siraat'...on the day when feet will slip...

One who covers the faults of others will benefit in that Allah will curb His anger on the day of Judgement...

As for one who honours an orphan; Allah will honour him on the day of judgement.

And for the one who spreads his kindness, Allah will spread His mercy over him on the day of Judgement.

As for the one who cuts the ties of relation; Allah will cut His mercy from him...

Who so ever performs a recommended prayer in this month, Allah will keep the fire of Hell away from him...

Whoever performs an obligator prayer, Allah will reward him with seventy prayers [worth] in this month.

And who so ever prays a lot during this month will have his load lightened on the day of measure.

He who recites one verse of the Noble Qur'an will be given the rewards of reciting the whole Qur'an during other months.

O People! Indeed during this month the doors of heaven are open, therefore ask Allah not to close them for you;

The doors of hell are closed, so ask Allah to keep them closed for you.

During this month Shaytan (Satan) is imprisoned so ask your Lord not to let him have power over you."

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Common Misconceptions about Zakaah

Misconception # 1: I pray, dont I? Whats the big deal if I dont give Zakaah?


Zakaah is one of the PILLARS of Islam and NOT an option. It is just as important to ones faith as Salaah.. In fact, anyone who denies it is a Kaafir and the Prophet (pbuh) and his Sahaba waged war against such persons even though they uttered the Shahadah and prayed Salaah.
About such people Abu Bakr said: "By God! I shall certainly wage war against the people who discriminate between Salaah and Zakaah." (Bukhaari, Muslim)

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Misconception # 2: But it will decrease my wealth!


Abu Hurayra said that the Prophet (pbuh) said, "Whoever is given wealth by Allaah and does not pay the Zakaah due thereupon shall find that on the Day of Arising it is made to appear to him as a hairless snake with two black specks, which chains him, and then seizes him by his jaw and says, -I am your wealth! I am your treasure!'
Then he recited the verse, 'Let not those who are miserly with what God has given them of His bounty think that this is good for them. Rather, it is bad for them. That which they withhold shall be hung around their necks on the Day of Arising. [3:180] (Bukhaari)

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Misconception # 3: I dont have to pay Zakaah every year.

Zakaah is an obligation that must be paid each year.
The Prophet (pbuh) used to send the zakaah-collectors to the tribes and cities, and they did not differentiate between those who had paid their zakaah the previous year and those who had not, rather they used to take the zakaah that was due on all the â??zakaatableâ?? wealth that people possessed.

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Misconception # 4: I never paid Zakaah before, I will just repent and that should be enough

The one who never paid Zakaah before should repent to Allaah first. Then he should estimate the amount of Zakaah that was due on him over the years as best he can, and pay it as soon as possible

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Misconception # 5: I dont have to pay Zakaah if I owe a debt

The one who has any â??zakatableâ?? wealth must pay zakaah on it, when one year has passed since he acquired it, even if he has debts, according to the more correct of the two scholarly opinions. The Prophet (pbuh) used to command his agents to take zakaah from those who owed zakaah, and he did not tell them to ask them whether they had any debts or not. (Majmoo Fataawa -Abd al-Azeez ibn Baaz)

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Misconception # 6: I will waive my debt and count that as Zakaah

The Prophet (pbuh) said to Muaadh ibn Jabal, when he sent him to Yemen : â??Teach them that Allaah has enjoined upon them zakaah on their wealth, to be taken from their rich and given to their poor.â??
He (pbuh) explained that zakaah is something which is to be taken and given, so on this basis it is not permissible to let off someone who owes you money and count that as zakaah, because letting someone off a debt does not involve taking and giving.
(Fataawa Manaar al-Islam by Shaykh Ibn Uthaymeen)

Shaykh al-Islam said: â??letting someone off a debt does not relieve one of the obligation of zakaah, and there is no scholarly dispute on this matter. But you can give this needy person some of your zakaah and he can meet his needs using what you give him as zakaah; and Allaah will help him to pay off his debt in the future, inshaAllaah.â??

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Misconception # 7: I have lent someone some money. I dont have to pay Zakaah on it.

In this situation, there can be two scenarios;
1. If the borrower is rich and is known to repay debts promptly: The lender has to pay Zakaah annually on the money lent, because it is possible to recover the money readily and it is like money that is in ones possession.

2. If it is unlikely that the lender will get his money back or the borrower is known to delay repayment: Then the lender does not have to pay zakaah before he gets the money back, because it is not readily accessible and is not like money that is in ones possession.

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Misconception # 8: I pay my taxes so I dont have to pay Zakaah!

The taxes we pay are to govt , not to Allah to Whom the Zakaah is due. And this Zakaah money is to be only spent according to the rules of Shareeah in certain specific ways. Thus, it is not permissible for the taxes we pay on our wealth to be counted as part of Zakaah. The obligatory Zakaah must be paid separately.

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Misconception # 9: I will use the money that I receive from my bank as interest to pay off Zakaah

First of all, putting money in the bank in return for interest is a kind of riba which Allah and His Messenger have forbidden, and it is a major sin. T
he Prophet(pbuh) cursed the one who consumes riba and the one who pays it. (Muslim)
This money cannot be used to pay Zakaah or other kinds of charity since it is impure and a haraam form of wealth.

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Misconception # 10:I will pay Zakaah on whatever is OVER the Nisaab

If ones wealth surpasses the amount of nisaab, then Zakaah is due upon it ALL, and not upon the surplus only.

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Misconception # 11: Zakaah is due on precious gems, stones and diamonds

No zakaah is due on gems, precious stones, diamonds, etc. unless they are prepared for trade, in which case they come under the same ruling as all other trade goods

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Misconception # 12: I will buy diamonds so that I dont have to pay Zakaah

Some people try to get out of Zakaah by investing in diamonds, since no Zakaah is due on them, and think they can outsmart Allah. Doesnt Allaah know whats in our hearts and minds?
They forget that Zakaah is due on them if they are prepared for trade. â??They seek to deceive Allah and those who believe, but they deceive none except themselves, though they do not sense it.â?? (Surah al-Baqarah: 9)

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Misconception # 13: The husband HAS to pay Zakaah on the wifes jewelry and wealth!

It is NOT the husbands duty to pay Zakaah on his wifes jewelry, wealth, etc. Rather, it is her responsibility, since she is the possessor of the wealth. If her husband or someone else pays zakaah on her behalf with her permission, that is o.k., and he will be rewarded for this voluntary action.

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Misconception # 14: I only have gold, but I do not have any money. So, I dont have to pay Zakaahâ?¦.

Shaykh Ibn Uthaymeen said: â??Zakaah must be paid on jewelry if it reaches the nisaab (minimum threshold), which is 85 grams. If it reaches this amount, zakaah must be paid on it. If she has other wealth and pays from that, there is nothing wrong with it. If her husband or one of her relatives pays it on her behalf, there is nothing wrong with that. If neither of these options is available to her, then she should sell some of it and pay zakaah with that money.â??

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Misconception # 15: I will use my Zakaah money on my immediate family

Shaykh Ibn Baaz said: â??The Muslim cannot give his zakaah to his parents or to his wife and children; rather he is obliged to spend on them from his wealth if they need that and he is able to spend on them.â??
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Misconception # 16: I cannot give Zakaah to my poor relatives

It is actually preferable for a person to give their zakaah to a brother, sister, paternal uncle, paternal aunt or to any other relative, if they are poor. This is because, giving zakaah to them is both an act of charity and upholding family ties.

The Prophet (pbuh) said: â??Charity given to the poor is charity and charity given to a relative is charity and upholding of family ties.â?? (Ahmad, al-Nasaaâ??i)

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Misconception # 17: A woman cannot give Zakaah to her Husband

It is okay for a woman to give zakaah to her husband, if he is qualified to receive zakaah, because she is not obliged to spend on him. Also, the Prophet (pbuh) gave permission to the wife of Abd-Allaah ibn Masood to give her zakaah to her husband. However a wife is not qualified to receive zakaah from her husband because he obliged to spend on her from his wealth.

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Misconception # 18: Zakaah can be given to Non-Muslims if they are poor

It is not permissible to give Zakaah to non-muslims except the one who is inclined towards Islam, in the hope that he will become Muslim if you give him zakaah (al-Tawbah:60). However paying sadaqaa and charity to them are permissible.

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Misconception # 19:I will use Zakaah to build hospitals, masjid and orphanages

That is not permissible, because this is not included in the eight categories on which zakaah may be spent.

Allaah tells us that Zakaah may be spent on the following:
â??As-Sadaqaat (Zakaah) are only
for the Fuqaraa (poor),
and Al-Masaakeen (the poor & needy, who prefer to hide their poverty from public)
and those employed to collect (the funds);
and to attract the hearts of those who have been inclined (towards Islam);
and to free the captives;
and for those in debt;
and for Allaahâ??s Cause (Mujaahidoon â?? those fighting in a holy battle),
and for the wayfarer (a traveler who is cut off from everything)â?? [al-Tawbah:60]

But if the intention in giving the money to an orphanage is so that this money will be spent on the poor orphans, then this is permissible, if the orphans are poor.
Similarly, Zakaah cannot be used to print Quraans and other Dawah material.

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Misconception # 20: Zakaah is the same as Zakaat ul-Fitr

Zakaat al-Fitr is NOT the same as obligatory Zakaah. These are two separate entities and whoever paid Zakaah is NOT relieved of paying Zakaat al-Fitr and vice-versa.

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Misconception # 21: I have to inform the one I am giving, that it is Zakaah

You do not have to tell the recipient that it is zakaah.

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Mecca: The Sacred City - Book Review

Mr. Ziauddin Sardar

This book is written by Mr. Ziauddin Sardar from Pakistan based in London born on born 31 October 1951. He is a writer, critic, journalist and been named as one of the Britain's top 100 Public intellectuals.

Mr. Ziauddin Sardar has published more than 45 books to name a few as below:

• The Future of Muslim Civilisation (1979)
• Islamic Futures: The Shape of Ideas to Come
 (1985)
• Why Do People Hate America? (2003)
• Future: All That Matters, Hodder Education, London, 2013
• Muhammad: All That Matters, Hodder Education, London, 2012
• Muslims In Britain: Making Social and Political Space, Routledge, London, 2012 (edited with Waqar Ahmad)
• Reading the Qur’an, Hurst & Co, London; Oxford University Press, New York, 2011

About Mecca: The Sacred City

Mecca: The Sacred City is published by Blomsbury, 2014.

In this book Mr. Ziauddin Sardar give the wonderful description of Mecca. From its history, to its origins in the desert, its evolution as a trading town and emergence as the Main Center of Islam world.

Mr. Sardar examines the religious struggles and rebellions in Mecca that have significantly shaped Muslim culture. An illuminative, lyrical, and witty blend of history, reportage, and memoir, Mecca reflects all that is profound and enlightening, curious and amusing about Mecca and takes us behind the closed doors to one of the most important places in the world today.

Buy Mecca: The Sacred City book

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